A) PERMIT TO RESIDENCE AND WORK AS AN EMPLOYEE
This is the authorization that will allow you to reside and work as an employee in Spain temporarily. This authorization must be requested by the employer who wants to hire you as an employee, for a period of more than 90 days and less than 5 years. However, the employer may not hire foreign workers freely, but may do so as long as the national employment situation allows it.
National employment situation
The national employment situation will be understood to allow the hiring of foreign workers provided that one of these assumptions is met:
- The occupation that the worker is going to perform in the company is included in the catalogue of occupations that are difficult to fill that the State Public Employment Service publishes quarterly. This means that the presence of an occupation in the catalogue implies, for the employer, the possibility of processing the authorization to reside and work for a foreign worker for said job.
- In the case of occupations not classified as difficult to fill, when the employer proves to the Immigration Office the difficulty of filling the vacant jobs with workers already incorporated in the internal labor market. This is a complicated procedure insofar as the employer must publish the job offer in Spain, and only if it is unable to fill the job with citizens residing in Spain, may it hire foreign personnel.
- The authorization is aimed at nationals of States with which Spain has signed international agreements. As is the case of Chile and Peru.
- Prove the existence of a situation included in article 40 of Organic Law 4/2000. In summary, the following situations are found:
- Reunited family members of working age
- Holders of a prior work permit who are seeking to renew it.
- Workers required for the assembly or renovation of a production facility or equipment.
- Those who have enjoyed refugee status during the year following the cessation of application of the Geneva Convention of 28 July 1951.
- Those recognised as stateless.
- Foreigners who have Spanish citizenship ancestors or descendants in their care.
- Foreigners born and resident in Spain.
- The children or grandchildren of Spanish nationals.
- Foreign minors of working age with a residence permit who are under the guardianship of the competent child protection entity.
- Foreigners who obtain a residence permit under exceptional circumstances in the cases determined by regulation and, in any case, when they are victims of gender violence or human trafficking.
- Foreigners who have held work permits for seasonal activities for two calendar years and have returned to their country.
- Foreigners who have renounced their residence and work permit under a voluntary return program
Steps to follow
As we said above, it is the employer who must initiate the process in Spain. To do so, the employer must submit the application to the Immigration Office of the province where the foreign citizen will occupy the job. The authority has a period of 3 months to approve the employer's application.
Work visa
Once the employer's application has been approved, you must go to the Spanish consulate within 1 month of the application being approved, and to do so you must meet the following requirements:
- Not be an EU citizen.
- Not be illegally present in Spanish territory, nor be prohibited from entering Spain.
- Not have a criminal record.
- Pay the processing fees
- Provide a copy of the signed employment contract.
- Provide the favourable resolution granting the residence and work permit.
B) TEMPORARY RESIDENCE AND SELF-EMPLOYMENT AUTHORIZATION
If you are a non-EU citizen, this authorization will allow you to start your own business in Spain.
Self-employed residence vs. residence for entrepreneurs
The self-employed residence authorization is different from that authorization as an entrepreneur, since
the self-employed residence permit will allow you to carry out any type of legal activity in Spain. While the
residency as an entrepreneur is limited only to those people with digital, technological, innovative and, in general, unique projects and focused mainly on the new technologies sector.
Essential: The business plan
It should be noted that among the requirements of this authorization it is necessary that you present a
correctly configured business plan where you describe your business project, target customers, financing and the projection that the business will have, since
said plan will be exhaustively analyzed in order to know its solidity, viability and capacity to generate sufficient income for you as an entrepreneur and for the family members who accompany you. In addition,
the plan must be approved by a registered business association for example, by the Association of Workers of Self-employed. Finally, the
investment you will have to carry out the project will be taken into account, which will depend on the type of business and must be in accordance with the reality of the market.
Procedure
- Request an appointment at the consulate
- You must provide a file with the following documents:
- Application form, national visa form and consular fee.
- Medical certificates of good health, criminal record certificate, marriage certificate and birth certificate of children, all with a Hague apostille and translation if necessary.
- Business plan approved by a registered business association, professional training (CV, letters of recommendation) and additional attached documentation (e.g.
Period of validity
The permit will have an initial validity of 1 year, with the possibility of accessing 2 renewals of 2 years each and finally a renewal of 5 years. If you are interested in working as a self-employed person or as an employee in Spain, ExtranjeríaPro will help you with your application!